Choosing the right business funding option
If your business is to grow, you need to invest in it. Whether the business is a start up, just getting going, or an established firm looking to expand, it needs cash to pay for recruitment, infrastructure, marketing, stock or whatever it is that you need for growth.
Choosing the way to fund your business growth can make a huge difference to your firm's future. While raising finance has one objective - to give you more working capital to invest in growth - the method you choose can have significant implications.
There are different routes for raising this finance. You can put money into the business yourself, take out a bank loan, receive capital from an external investor or take one of several other options. Factors that influence your choice include why you want the finance, the amount involved, your attitude to risk and business ownership, the assets available and your plan for repaying the funds.
How much and for how long
Before entering into a funding arrangement, it's important to be very clear on how much money the business needs and the plan for repaying it. You're investing in future growth, meaning potentially more sales and more profit, but how long will it take for these to come through? Preparing a detailed budget and cashflow gives you clearer visibility of how long it will be before you can repay. While you can't predict the outcome of your business growth activities, you can, using some reasonable assumptions, form a good idea of what's likely to happen.
Armed with this information, you're now in a better position to choose the right funding option for your business.
Debt finance
Raising money for your business can involve borrowing money from your family, a bank or other financial institution. Borrowing, or debt finance, can take the form of a loan, a credit card, invoice finance or some alternative mechanism, such as peer-to-peer borrowing. You're committing to make repayments over a period of time, usually paying interest on the amount borrowed.
Debt finance is either secured or unsecured. A secured debt is where the amount borrowed is linked with an asset, such as a building, and the lender has rights over that asset should you default on making the agreed repayments. You're giving the lender some security that they'll get their money back should your business become unable to repay.
An unsecured debt is not linked to an asset, making it harder for the lender to recover their money. As a result, the interest payments on an unsecured arrangement are often higher and the amount you can borrow is lower. Many financial institutions ask that a director signs a personal guarantee, making them personally responsible for ensuring that the debt is settled.
One risk of debt finance is that the business can become trapped in a debt cycle. You're continually borrowing and paying interest, which eats away at profits. Debt finance can be hugely useful, but its use should be planned and managed.
Equity finance
Equity finance means exchanging part of your business in return for a cash investment. This can be a popular approach for a startup company, particularly where high growth is anticipated, but it needs substantial investment to get going. Venture capitalists and angel investors are always looking out for investment opportunities like this - a business they can buy into that will give them a high return, years in the future.
Because equity capital means giving up ownership of part of your business, it can also mean handing over an element of control. The extent of this should be agreed in advance, in order to set clear expectations. Some investors are comfortable with leaving the founder to manage the business while others want some input into strategic decisions. This can be useful where the investment comes from someone with solid commercial knowledge and experience that they are able to share. Some angel investors want to provide mentorship as part of their investment.
Business angels and others willing to make an investment in equity will want some assurance as to how they will get their money back, and more besides. This could be in the form of dividends or as proceeds from the sale of the business.
The benefits of equity investments include access to larger sums of capital, and potentially, access to the expertise of their investor and their network of contacts. The downside can be loss of total control.
Asset finance
Your choice of funding is broader when your business has assets, such as property, equipment or non-tangible items such as intellectual property. An asset has intrinsic value and this value can be released by taking out finance that's secured on the asset. An example of this is a sale and leaseback arrangement, where the business effectively sells the asset, say a major piece of equipment, and then leases it back from the new owner. This ensures that you can still use the asset, but you also get a lump sum payment from the sale.
A related approach to raising money is invoice finance, also known as invoice factoring. This is often used to improve cash flow in a business that raises invoices on credit terms. The company gets paid almost as soon as it's raised an invoice, even though the customer may take 30 days or even longer to settle the bill. As with most such asset finance arrangements, the interest rate on the money borrowed will affect its cost and the impact on the bottom line.
Business finance can also be raised against the value of an asset in the possession of the business owner, typically a private property.
Crowdfunding finance
The sharing of the risks and rewards of doing business has been at the heart of commercial funding for hundreds of years. That's the principle behind the stock market. Today, crowdfunding is a popular solution to the problem of finding investment for your business growth plans. It comes in various forms, allowing you to raise either debt or equity finance. There are a number of crowdfunding platforms online, each of which offers a different approach to both risk and reward for their members.
The Qardus option for business funding
We provide finance to small and medium-sized enterprises with growth potential that the business owners want to unlock. The funding available is from £50k to £200k with terms of between 6 and 36 months.
Our funding process is rooted in Islamic community principles and is certified as Sharia-compliant. As a result, we don't charge interest and we don't work in business sectors considered damaging to society, such as alcohol, tobacco or gambling.
Because of our principles, our funding solution is an attractive option for Muslim business owners, but we also provide funding to business owners outside the Muslim community.
We offer fast, flexible and affordable business growth funding that's firmly grounded in ethical principles.
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The United Kingdom, and in particular London, has become one of the leading voices and stages for the development of Islamic finance. As the global Islamic finance industry has grown, London has emerged as one of the leading Western markets offering and improving Islamic finance services and products.
One of the key reasons for the investment and development of the Islamic finance market in London is to ensure that the finance markets and industry is able to keep pace with the emerging and dynamic markets in the Muslim centred Middle East region (Dubai and the UAE included).
The Islamic Finance Industry
There are other reasons Islamic finance has really surged ahead in London, and they include the importance of financial inclusion and providing access to funding and finance to those looking to invest in the economy without compromising their beliefs.
The UK is not the only country that is fast developing its Islamic finance reputation, regulation, and provision. Most European countries also offer Islamic finance products and services to individuals and companies.
What has become clear is that Islamic finance has enabled many people from diverse backgrounds to trade, invest and operate a business in the West. This can only be a good thing for the economy and when it comes to financial inclusion.
Interest, Profit Sharing And Risk Management
Many Muslims only use the Islamic finance system so that they do not have to pay interest and can trade and deal with any income, savings, investment strategy, and asset they own in a Sharia compliant way.
The result is that the Islamic finance industry is booming and entering the mainstream finance industry.
Islamic finance has opened up and increased the scope of investment options for investors wanting to raise or build capital, property and other assets.
In addition, the profit and risk sharing element of Islamic finance transactions and contracts are growing in appeal to a much wider audience. The first Islamic finance bank launched in the UK in 1982 - the Al Baraka Bank. Since then the Sharia compliant market has seen growth on a huge scale with Islamic finance products available in trade finance, project finance and real estate.
The Islamic sukuk (bond) market in the UK started around 2007 and has continued to grow. In 2014, the UK government was the first to issue sovereign sukuk.
Understanding Islamic Finance - Knowledge Matters
Many financial experts and researchers have become knowledgeable about Islamic finance and how it operates. In order to offer financial services and products that are Islamic finance and Sharia compliant, there needs to be a good depth of understanding relating to Islam and its principles and rules.
Islamic finance has proven to yield competitive and attractive rewards, and Islam's core underlying principle relating to social justice and equity is becoming more attractive to Muslim and non-Muslim customers alike.
The focus on risk sharing and collaboration between the parties means transactions are more transparent and fair. This in turn creates more stable investment options in volatile markets and economies.
Uk Leading Western Islamic Finance Centre
A recent report from The City UK has stated that the UK is the leading Western centre for Islamic finance. In 2021, the Islamic finance banking asset market was said to be worth approximately $7.5bn.
In addition to general Islamic finance products, Islamic fintech is also growing rapidly in the UK and Europe. The strong regulatory support from the UK government has led to an increasing number of Sharia compliant fintech services.
The UK has also been able to reach attract a large number of professionals with Islamic finance knowledge and expertise.
The growing Muslim population in the UK, the vast majority of whom are young professionals with capital, further strengthens the UK's resolve to continue developing its Islamic financial services market.
London Stock Exchange
The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is one of the leading exchanges for sukuk listings.
In addition, The UK has become one of the world's biggest providers of Islamic finance education. There has been a recent surge in the number of Islamic finance courses and qualifications available to those wanting to expand their knowledge and work in this field.
What is driving this demand for Islamic finance services is private sector initiatives. This coupled with support from government policy and compliance rules has provided a solution for those investors and businesses looking for financial services that are compliant with Islamic finance rules.
Investment
If the UK wants to continue to strengthen its position and status as a leading international centre for Islamic finance then it needs to continue to invest in the Islamic finance market.
This will require the development and progression of the right financial infrastructure and ecosystem to support the industry. It is forecasted that the Islamic finance assets under management are likely to double over the next decade.
The UK is well placed to grow its Islamic finance market and offerings. However, this must be done in line with Sharia rules relating to finance without cutting corners and innovation which could lead to non-compliance. More investment needs to be made in research relating to how Islamic finance operates so that any investor is reassured that their Islamic values are not being compromised during financial transactions.
The growing confidence in the Islamic finance market in the UK has attracted investments in regeneration projects and infrastructure - thereby directly benefiting society as a whole.
Cryptocurrency, as it is known today, started with Bitcoin as the first decentralised cryptocurrency in the modern world. The first Bitcoin transaction took place as far back as 2009 and ever since Bitcoin has grown into a global phenomenon bypassing traditional finance systems and banks. Islamic cryptocurrency, also known widely as Islamic coin, began to emerge in the late 2010s as the demand for Sharia-compliant digital assets grew.
Islamic coin is Sharia-compliant cryptocurrency that adheres to Islamic finance rules relating to financial transactions and exchange. This article will examine the benefits of Islamic coins and their relevance in the modern world of finance.
Cryptocurrency And Islamic Finance
Over the years Islamic finance and the world of cryptocurrency exchange and platforms have become increasingly interconnected. Islamic coin merges the traditional with the modern, uniting decentralised currencies with Sharia principles.
Not only does the Islamic coin stand as a testament to the thriving impact of Islamic finance on the modern world, but it also offers Muslims an alternative and innovative way of managing their money.
Two notable initiatives relating to Islamic coin are the First Islamic Crypto Exchange (FICE) and project Onegram. Project Onegram is a project that aims to create an Islamic cryptocurrency coin that is backed by gold reserves. Users of the coin are able to store their coins in a digital wallet and transact securely.
FICE is an Islamic initiative aiming to provide an Islamic digital platform for cryptocurrency transactions that are fully compliant with Islamic finance rules.
The main features of FICE are:
- it employs ethical screening
- it incorporates community governance within its structure and operations
- it offers Sharia-compliant trading
FICE and Onegram are both efforts to bridge the gap between Islamic finance and blockchain technology. The aim is to offer Sharia compliant solutions to Muslim investors in the realm of digital and decentralised finance.
Main Features Of Islamic Cryptocurrency
There are some key features that differentiate Islamic coin from other cryptocurrencies:
- Asset backing - Islamic coin is based on a system of asset backing. This not only provides intrinsic value but also stability in line with Sharia rules. Often the digital coin is pegged to assets that are tangible such as gold, real estate, silver, and commodities.
- Transparency: Islamic coin transactions must be transparent if they are to comply with Islamic finance rules. This means any trade, investment, platform being used, sales, prices, return, market, service, and exchange involved must be halal and transparent.
- Sharia law: Islamic coin must be Sharia compliant. This means the coin itself cannot be involved in any form of interest, uncertainty, or speculation.
- Governance: the governance relating to Islamic coins is usually decentralised. This is looked upon favourably by Islamic finance as it means there is more scope for the community to be actively engaged in the governance structures and processes.
- Regulation: Islamic coins, whether in the UK or abroad, must comply with regulatory frameworks that govern digital assets and finance. Digital assets are seen as a valuable commodity and many countries already have robust regulatory frameworks in place.
WHAT IS AN ISLAMIC COIN?
Islamic coins are essentially a form of cryptocurrency that is Sharia compliant. Muslims have an incentive to partake in Islamic coin trades and investment as they can be reassured that the coin is fully halal.
Of course, this means the coin must be certified as Sharia-compliant by experts with knowledge of Sharia law and rules.
For example, Islamic coin cannot be aligned or involved with any industry or market that is prohibited in Islam such as the gambling or alcohol industry. There is also a requirement that Islamic coin investment considers social benefit and social purpose as per Islamic finance rules. The ethics of the management and investment of Islamic coin are also important for adherence with Islamic finance.
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF ISLAMIC COIN?
Islamic coin offers many benefits to its users:
- It is Sharia-compliant and aligns with Islamic principles
- It is transparent
- It is stable
- It facilitates the creation of strategic partnerships and ethical investment
- It provides innovative financial solutions
- It supports marginalised communities
- It uses ethical investment criteria
- It facilitates and enables financial inclusion
- It enables cross-border transactions
- It operates on a profit and loss sharing arrangement
- The HAQQ platform screens for Sharia compliancy
Islamic coins offer many benefits to Muslim participants and investors looking for halal ways to invest and trade. As the cryptocurrency financial ecosystem continues to evolve, Islamic coin will play a key role in shaping the future of Islamic cryptocurrency and digital assets.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ISLAMIC COIN AND BITCOIN?
When considering cryptocurrency, the question always arises about the difference between Bitcoin and Islamic coin. The main difference is that Islamic coin adheres to Islamic finance principles. The very existence of Islamic coin is to ensure that Sharia rules are complied with and there is no such obligation on Bitcoin.
Whilst both coins operate on decentralised platforms, Islamic coin should incorporate more transparent structures of governance leading to greater accountability and proof of adherence.
In addition, another key difference is that Islamic coin needs to follow ethical investment screening and criteria in order to the compliant with Islamic finance. Islamic coins operate on the HAQQ blockchain.
Whilst there are similarities in the nature of both Bitcoin and Islamic coin, the main difference is that Islamic coin adheres to a different set of values and principles. Users of Islamic coin will therefore seek assurance of compliance with Islamic rules relating to finances.
WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF ISLAMIC COIN?
More and more Muslims are looking to invest in and trade in Islamic coin. The Sharia Authority which was formed for the purpose of making decisions on the validity of cryptocurrency has stated that Islamic coin is a financial asset that can be traded whether that is by sale and purchase, or traded for goods and services.
Islamic coin holds great potential in the crypto world. As the crypto ecosystem and infrastructure continue to evolve there are some trends that suggest Islamic coin will see great growth in the coming years:
- Global financial inclusion: Islamic coin is playing a central role in making sure underserved Muslim-majority regions are able to partake in digital currencies. The demand is already there and is growing.
- Islamic finance growth: as the Sharia compliant finance industry grows so too does the demand for the accompanying digital ecosystem.
- Evolving markets: as the dynamics of markets in the world continue to grow and develop, Islamic coin is predicted to grow alongside them. Collaboration and innovations are already being seen across many different regions.
- Adoption: increased adoption of Islamic coins will lead to greater liquidity, market development, and acceptance.
WHAT ARE OTHER HALAL COINS TO INVEST IN?
Whilst the list of halal cryptocurrencies is growing, it is important to note that cryptocurrencies as digital assets are not deemed to be automatically compliant. They need to be screened by experts against Sharia principles. Some coins that have been deemed to be halal include:
- ZRX
- ELF
- Aion
- Alchemy Pay
- ASTA
- BEAM
- Cardano ADA
- Chainlink
There are many other coins that are deemed to be Sharia-compliant, but in each case you must do your own research and satisfy yourself.
WHAT IS STUDENT FINANCE?
Student finance in the United Kingdom is funding that is available for students to access to help cover the cost of their further education. The organisation that is responsible for administering and calculating the extent of the student loan payment is the Student Loans Company.
The Student Loan Company was founded in 1990 and was created to provide students with financial support towards their further education. Currently, student finance can be applied for by students to pay for their university tuition fees and living costs while they are studying.
Every student in the UK is entitled to a loan to cover tuition fees. Tuition fees tend to be decided by the universities and the Student Loan Company will make the payment direct to the educational establishment. Currently, in the UK those studying full time can receive up to £9250 per annum towards tuition fees, and additional funds for living costs known as the maintenance grant.
Repayment Of Student Loans
Student loans need to be repaid in full whether or not the student completes the university course or not. The amount you repay depends on your income and is deducted from your salary in the same way National Insurance and tax are deducted.
You become eligible to repay your student loan (with interest) once your income exceeds a certain threshold. In the UK this threshold is currently around £25,000 per year. Repayments are calculated at 9% on sums over the threshold, and the repayment is subject to interest charges.
WHAT IS MEANT BY HALAL STUDENT FINANCE?
Halal student finance in the UK refers to those financial arrangements that students can access to advance and fund their further education. Any halal student finance or loan needs to be compliant with Islamic finance and Sharia principles relating to money.
Specifically, Islamic student finance means that there should be no interest payable or charged on the loan or fees associated with education. Islamically, interest is considered to be haram and should be avoided at all costs.
The concept of halal student finance is structured to ensure that is adheres to Sharia rules and that the financing of education is compliant with ethical and religious rules. The main principle to be aware of is that the arrangement must not involve any form of interest and the transaction should be non-exploitative and transparent.
For many Muslim students, not having access to halal student finance via the Student Loans Company means they do not pursue their further education goals. The main reason for this is that the current student loan system is based on interest repayments.
Student Loans And Interest
Interest on student loans is an integral part of the system that funds further education. This is generally how student loans operate:
- Student applies for university, is accepted on to the course, and then makes a student loan application.
- There are two main elements to the student loan:
- Tuition fees that cover the cost of the course tuition
- Maintenance loan that is aimed to help with the living costs including rent, and books.
- To be eligible for a student loan you need to be resident in the UK and have been accepted on to a course.
- Repayment of the student loan includes interest and the rate of interest depends on factors such as when you took out the student loan. Repayment only begins post graduation and once you earn over a certain threshold.
- Interest on the loan accrues from when you receive the funds until the full loan is repaid.
In addition to student loans, there are also scholarships and bursaries available for some students. Postgraduates can also apply for student finance but whether they receive it or not depends on their circumstances.
Before considering any form of loan it is important for you to gather all the information relating to the loan and how it impacts you now and in the future. Whilst many see student loans as an investment in the future, there have been concerns raised about the inability of Muslim students to access student finance.
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT FOR MUSLIM STUDENTS TO ACCESS HALAL STUDENT FINANCE?
Muslims want to be able enter and partake in higher education without breaching Sharia rules. Currently, as the UK student loan system is interest-based, this precludes many Muslims from being able to access the funding they need to study further.
Islam prohibits interest and at the moment there is no interest-free funding option for students. There is a need for student finance based on Islamic finance principles that form part of the student loan scheme in the UK.
It's not only the interest element that is a problem for Muslim students. The existing student loan system is subject to change and this could fall into the remit of gharar (uncertainty) in Islam which is discouraged.
Without doubt, a halal payment system for Muslim students will facilitate greater inclusion in the education system.
Islamic Finance And Student Loans
Some key features of a halal student loan include the following:
- interest free loans: it goes without saying that any form of student finance must ensure there is no interest being charged or paid in order for the loan to be deemed halal. Instead, what is expected to happen is that the lending institution or bank charges fees or alternative structures to fund the transaction.
- Ethical: halal student finance cannot be unethical. This goes against the basic Islamic finance principles. Any halal form of finance or funding needs to steer clear of haram industries such as gambling, porn, and alcohol.
- Transparent: for a student loan arrangement to be compliant with Sharia rules, it must be transparent and clear. Both parties in the transaction should fully understand the terms which themselves should be clear and non-ambiguous.
- Risk and profit sharing: a key component of Islamic finance is that there is adequate profit and risk sharing between the parties. The student should not bare all the responsibility and risk in this kind of arrangement.
Consultation On Halal Student Finance
In 2014 the government launched a consultation relating to Islamic finance based student loans. What they found was that of the 20,000 respondents, over 90% stated that there was a demand for Sharia compliant student finance.
In March 2023 the government in the UK (having consulted on lifelong loan entitlement) confirmed that although a Sharia compliant student finance product was not available, it was committed to funding an alternative form of finance for students.
The government discussed several criteria that should be applied in a halal student finance system including:
- repayments should be easy to make
- any alternative system should be operated through the student loans company
- debt and repayment levels should be the same as they are for other students
- the service should be easy to use and transparent
Halal Student Finance And The Takaful System
At the time they were considering halal student finance options, the government concluded that a takaful system would be most appropriate. In Islam takaful refers to Islamic insurance and is based on cooperation and mutuality.
Takaful systems operate without insurance or gharar.
Unfortunately, no halal student finance option ever really emerged. Instead the government focused on other areas of student finance and simply concluded that they would continue to consider halal student loans.
Whilst government controlled and regulated student loans may not be available as yet, there are still halal finance options available. Some financial institutions are offering Sharia compliant loans that could be used for education.
Tips For Students Who Want Halal Student Finance
For students who are looking for halal student finance alternatives, here are some options you can consider:
- Research Islamic finance products and services
- Look into Islamic scholarships
- Speak with Islamic finance advisors
- Speak to your university finance team and ask them for details of hardship funds or grants
- Consider interest-free loans from family
None of the above are ideal for Muslim students but could provide alternative halal funding for further study.
The future of halal student finance is dependent on many factors including the demand, the economic landscape, and the continued growth of Islamic finance. The Islamic finance industry is innovative and dynamic and could partner up with educational establishments in the future.
Increased awareness and education about the need for halal student loans is also something that could potentially speed up the availability of halal loans. Muslim students need to stay informed and alert and always explore all the options available to them before deciding against pursuing further education.
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